some tips for the GNU/Linux user 
	================================

a good source of information:
www.cs.huji.ac.il/support/unix_intro.ps


man
---

$ man <str> // manual page for str  
/ str  // look for a string  in the man page 
n // look for the next one

$ info // an alternative to man   

file system
-----------
[tab] completion of filename/directory 


mv,rm,cp,mkdir. 

$ ls -l  // long format 
$ ls -a  // hidden files 
$ls -la // both 

recursive:
           cp -r ex1/ ex1-backup 
           rm -r ex1-backup/
	   rm -rf ex1-backup/  //no questions - dangerous. 

 absolute path / relative path
/cs/stud/moti   or ../../ex2/


$ pwd   // print the path of the current directory 

search the file system for a file: 
find / -name "yosi*" -print

regular expressions
-------------------
~ - home directory 
* any string (also empty)
? - one character 
[abc] - one character a b or c 
[a-v] - one character in range 
{str1,str2} - one of the strings. 

examples:
$ echo *{ab,fg}* 
$ ls *.c 
$ ls q2.* 
$ ls [OoPpq]*.[dc]*

`command` - execute command and expand to its output. 
$ echo the current directory is `pwd`

command history
---------------
$ history // prints the command history 
!<number> // re-execute a history command by its number. 
!!        // execute last command  

archive
-------
archive a directory:
	  tar czvf ex1.tgz ex1/
extracting a directory (structure is kept):
	  tar xzvf ex1.tgz 

processes
---------
ps u // all processes of the user 
ps x 
ps ux
ps uxf
ps uxfa 

kill -9 number 

symbolic link 
--------------
$ ln -s labc/ex1/checks cur // like shortcut in windows 

environment variables
$ setnev // list all environment variables and their values
$ set    // same on bash  

$ echo $USER
$ echo $PATH
$ setenv myVar stamValue
$ setenv PATH ${PATH}:.

$ echo $SHELL // which shell am I currently using ? 

telnet - working on your account from home.  
-------------------------------------------
$ telnet gw.cs.huji.ac.il
or: 
$ telnet 
and then: 
$ open gw.cs.huji.ac.il

enter login
enter otp

$ connect inferno // or mangal or any other cs server 
enter login 
enter regular password. 


ftp - transferring file from/to home. 

$ ftp gw.cs.huji.ac.il // or ftp and then open gw.cs.huji.ac.il
enter login 
enter otp 
user login@inferno 
enter regular password 

get <file>  // cs --> home  
put <file>  // home --> cs 
cd  <dir>   //  change directory at cs 
lcd <dir>   // change directory at home.